مجله علوم پزشکی صدرا
سال دهم شماره 3 (تابستان 1401)

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is an interleukin-6-related cytokine with known hypertrophic and protective actions upon cardiac myocytes. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of 1- week aerobic exercise on serum levels of cardiotrophin-1 in female patients with hypertension.

in this study, 35 old women aged 50 to 70 were randomly divided into two groups (15 controls and 15 controls). The exercise program included aerobic exercises conducted increasingly 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Before the exercise, and 24 hours after the last session, blood samples and the body composition were taken. Data were collected and analyzed using one-way ANCOVA and Tukey post hoc test at a significant level of P≤0/05.

According to the results, twelve weeks of exercise did not significantly affect CT-1 level.

Overall, it seems that 12-week aerobic exercise has been beneficial in patients with hypertension and has been improving myocardial function; however, further studies are needed.

As a measure for providing and protecting human health , healthcare services meet all of their persistent needs, so these services are important issues that will be effective in meeting people’s needs ifcombined with ethics. Hence, it is essential to study ethics in healthcare services.

This is a contractual-qualitative content analysis has used semi-structured in-depth interviewsto collect the sample size among experts. Eighteen subjects were selected using a purposive sampling method. After implementing interviews, the data were analyzed based on the contractual content analysis and Landman and Granheim method.

After analysis, 68 primary codes, 12 sub-categories, and three main categories, including the expert’s point of view, individual barriers, and fundamental barriers were identified.

Concidering the identified individual and non-individual obstacles to converting moral attitudes into moral action in this study, it would be possible to remove these obstacles to promote ethics at personal and organizational levels.

Awareness of ethics principles is fundamental to morality in professionalism. Medical ethics courses are the most important source of knowledge about professional ethics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these courses on increasing the knowledge of dentistry students about professional ethics codes.

51 dentistry students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who had taken themedical ethics course in 2018 were evaluated through a multiple choice questionnaire related to the ethics code, with confirmed validity and reliability through an earlier published study (Cronbach′s alpa= 0.7). The students’ knowledge was evaluated before and after the course. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 using the Wilcoxon test.

The mean score of the students' knowledge increased significantly after the course (74% versus 83%, P<0.001). The scores related to veracity, patient autonomy, and justice codes were significantly higher after the course. However, mean scores of the beneficence and non-maleficence codes did not show statistically significant differences (P values = 0.317 and 0.354, respectively). Veracity code, significantly improved after the course; however, the mean score was still low (39%)

The results of this study indicated that medical ethics courses effectively increased dental students' general knowledge about ethical codes. But in some certain aspects of ethical concepts like veracity, clinical and problem-based education are required.

Lupus is a disease that causes tension in a person in response to threatening conditions. This research aims to compare the effectiveness of three different psychological treatments on depression and dysfunctional beliefs of patients with systemic lupus.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a three-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of this research included all lupus patients undergoing treatment in Shiraz hospitals in 2017; 80 people were selected from the population of 750 people using the purposive sampling method and assigned to 4 groups (a control group, including 20 people, and three experimental groups, each one including 20 people). The experimental groups received the educational intervention (treatment) of acceptance and commitment therapy during three months in 12 90-minute sessions, of compassion-focused therapy during three months in 8 90-minute sessions, and, of combined therapy during three months in 6 90-minute sessions. The questionnaires used in this research included Beck's depression questionnaire (1972) and Weisman's (1987) dysfunctional attitudes questionnaire. The data obtained from the research were analyzed by analyzing variance with repeated measurements using SPSS-24 statistical software.

The results showed that the third-wave treatments' educational protocols significantly reduced depression and dysfunctional beliefs of women with lupus (p≤/0001).

According to the present study's findings, it is possible to use the educational packages of acceptance and commitment, compassion, and combined therapy to improve depression and dysfunctional beliefs of women with lupus.

Various methods have been introduced for the offline exchange of radiological images between medical centers using technologies such as CD or E-mail. Costly infrastructures such as PACS have also been introduced to exchange images in a medical center. But these methods or dedicated networks between various centers are practically impossible.

In this observational study, publish-subscribe software architecture is presented to facilitate communication between medical centers, considering the challenge of scalability. This approach transfers the images in DICOM format to the publish/subscribe server. Other medical centers receive the images by subscribing to this service and specifying their interesting images.

The simulation results of this architecture on a data set of DICOM images and the number of publishers and subscribers showed that the system’s response time does not increase much   and it maintains an appropriate data transfer speed while the number of users increases. For this reason, it has good scalability.

Implementing the publish-subscribe architecture showed that eliminating the dependency between imaging and medical centers makes implementing and interacting with users easier. From this point of view, this architecture has excellent potential to create an infrastructure for sharing images between medical centers.

Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common chronic disorders of the central nervous system, which causes many psychological problems in patients. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the role of disease perception, religious coping strategies, and cognitive emotion regulation in predicting adaptation to the disease in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

The current research had a descriptive and correlational design. The statistical population included all people with multiple sclerosis in Shiraz. For this purpose, 113 people were selected by convenience sampling method. The research tools included questionnaires of adaptation to the disease, perception of the disease, religious coping, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. To analyze the data, multiple linear regression was used with SPSS software, version 20.

The results of the regression analysis showed that among the components of illness perception, the components of the outcome, emotional response, and the nature of the disease are negative predictors, and personal control is a positive predictor, and among the components of religious coping, negative religious coping is a negative predictor, and Benevolent coping is a positive predictor and also among the components of cognitive emotion regulation, positive reappraisal, refocusing on planning and perspective-taking, were  positive predictors and rumination, and catastrophizing were significant negative predictors of adaptation to the disease in people affected by  multiple sclerosis.

According to the obtained results, it can be claimed that psychological variables play an important role in adapting to the disease in people with multiple sclerosis.

Organizations differ in terms of goals, environment, technology, complexity, etc., and this differentiation requires the use of different tools and models. Therefore, patterns are a function of the type of organization. In this study, the discussed research models include the four models of historical cost, Flemholtz, replacement cost, and Low and Schwartz as dependent variables, and the indicators of the same model as independent variables.

This research was descriptive (non-experimental) and survey tools including a questionnaire collected the required information. The study's statistical population includes pharmaceutical companies, including companies active in the production of drugs, and electronic tools such as the facilities of the Press Line site have been used in data collection.

The research findings indicate that the nature and structure of institutions significantly impact the efficiency of human resource accounting models. Observing the appropriateness of the model type with the institution's nature is undeniable and necessary.

Among the four common human resource accounting models that have been studied in this study, including historical cost models, Flamholtz, full replacement cost, and Lev and Schwartz, the Flamholtz model was the most consistent one with the environment of pharmaceutical companies.

Parasitic diseases, including leishmaniasis, are the most prevalent infections worldwide that have serious risks for human health. Due to the serious side effects of chemical drugs and their inefficiency in some cases, medicinal plants have recently been considered for treating parasitic diseases. This scoping review study aimed to investigate and identify the medicinal plants introduced to treat leishmaniasis throughout the world. Scientific websites, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Elsevier were used to collect scientific information and research papers. The used keywords are Leishmaniasis, Medicinal Plants, and Protozoal Infection. The data were extracted and collected using research papers published over the past 16 years (2006-2022). Forty-three papers from the overall 385 collected articles were selected for the present study because of their complete relationship with the main aim of the research. The selected articles investigated 32 plant species for the treatment of leishmaniasis. The results of this systematic review study confirmed the therapeutic effect of 32 different kinds of medicinal plants. Furthermore, among these plants, three had stronger therapeutic effects and fewer side effects, including Rosmarinus Officinalis, Aloe otallensis, and Cephalis ipecacuana.

Malignant pleural effusion is one of the most common complications of advanced malignancies, leading to decreased quality of life and life expectancy. With the advent of new therapies, patients with malignant pleural effusion appear to be living longer than previously thought. In this cohort study,26 patients, with malignant pleural effusion at the initial diagnosis of primary cancer, who were referred to the Lung Cancer Clinic of Shahid Motahari Clinic affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , were studied Information on age, sex, tumor type, mortality, survival rate after malignant pleural effusion, EGFR mutation (in lung cancer patients), and metastasis were evaluated. In the present study, 12 patients (46.2%) were male and 14 patients (53.8%) were female. The median survival of patients was 2 years (interquartile range 1-3 years). Five patients (19.2%) had breast cancer, 19 patients (77.1%) had lung cancer, and two patients (7.7%) had lymphoma. The highest survival after diagnosis was related to one of the lymphoma patients (five years). In lung and breast cancer patients, the median survival was two years (interquartile range 1.5, 3) and one year (interquartile range 1, 2.5), respectively. Although the present study was a small single-center study, due to the appropriate lifespan of malignant pleural effusion patients with new therapies, more comprehensive studies are needed to re-evaluate the survival of patients with malignant pleural effusion.